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Improvement method of thin-wall CNC machining parts

At present, the continuous development of computer application technology and the increasingly fierce market competition have greatly promoted the development of CNC machining technology for thin-walled parts. In recent years, technical research on such processes has gradually shifted from traditional empirical exploration to scientific research. From the aspects of part clamping, cutting method and processing route, the factors affecting the process are analyzed in detail, and then the methods to improve the production process are proposed based on these factors.

Influencing factors

Thin-walled parts have the advantage of light weight, but they are not very firm to use. The problem is that the structure is more complex. In the process of processing, due to unskilled technology or other reasons, it is easy to be deformed or damaged due to improper operation. In order to improve the accuracy of parts, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the factors that affect the accuracy of the machining process, and find ways to improve the process. The factors affecting the CNC machining process can be roughly divided into: machine tool accuracy, machine tool strength, process route, cutting method and path, and deformation caused by clamping.

1. Parts clamping method

To solve this problem, it is necessary to choose the correct and reasonable clamping method to improve the precision of the CNC operation process. It is necessary to carry out detailed and detailed data analysis to find out the parts of the parts that are easily deformed by external forces. For most clamping devices, specialized fixtures, such as structural rings, can also be used for machining. In this regard, it is also necessary to explain that in general, the axial clamping can be replaced by radial, and the more commonly used improved methods are used to deal with the parts that are easily deformed.

If you want to improve the accuracy of the parts, you can also improve the strength of the parts. The current common way to solve this problem is to increase the wall thickness. But it also brings new questions, such as how to deal with vacancies. At this time, it can be filled with paraffin, and of course can also be operated with rosin. This method is similar to the "lost wax method" used in ancient times to make bronze. When finished, all poured material must be cleaned up.

2. Cutting force

A large number of practical tests have shown that if the machine tool structure system and tool data can be basically determined, the cutting force will also be affected by various factors, which will eventually lead to the deformation of the workpiece. But among these factors, the cutting angle of the tool has the greatest influence. If the front and rear corners of the tool can be used correctly, the deformation can be effectively reduced to a large extent, and it is also beneficial to reduce the degree of friction damage. During machining, the axial and radial cutting forces are mainly determined by the angle of the sheet. For some weaker parts, the main declination angle should be as close as possible to 90°. Therefore, when dealing with different projects, unreasonable cutting methods and paths may also cause deformation of the workpiece. If this is improved, the main problem is to focus on accuracy. Among the various cutting methods at present, there are two methods that can not only improve the efficiency, but also complete the roughing faster and are not easy to deform. They are one-shot and stepped roughing methods. The common denominator is a trajectory following the high line and a toolpath equal to the machining volume. However, compared with the traditional operation method, since bevel machining has great disadvantages, it is also easy to cause damage and deformation of the parts, so when the tool moves parallel to the x-axis or y-axis along the contour-axis direction, it can be easily Remove impurities adhering to the surface of items.

3. Processing equipment

For any processing enterprise, after the introduction of advanced equipment, it is necessary to continuously debug to improve the level of processing technology, but for the deformation of thin-walled parts, it is also necessary to find out the reasons and explore the basic laws of its deformation. To conduct detailed research and analysis of these issues, for most professionals, it is also necessary to develop a reasonable course of treatment. However, in this process, if there is a deformation problem due to unreasonable procedures and processes, it is necessary to find the correct solution and to master its laws. It can also be seen from the general process of the machining process that the strength and specifications of the parts are different, so the stressed parts need to be changed.

In the early stage of process design, most of the professional techniques of high simulation are used. It is necessary to simulate the real process system, contact the characteristics of the system, and find the most suitable improvement method. The basic content of CNC machining technology includes geometric and physical simulation. Geometry is mainly to observe and detect problems in machine tools, tools, workpieces and other projects according to the actual situation of the tool. Physical simulation is the establishment of a process model for analyzing error values ​​under microscopic concepts.

Taking cutting as an example, when setting the tool path, the first thing to consider is whether the workpiece is deformed. If deformation occurs during processing, it is enough to prove that there is a problem with the processing process. Currently, most thin-walled parts are lightweight, but their strength has not changed significantly. Therefore, the general development trend of thin-walled parts at present is light weight, but due to light weight, it is easy to lead to insufficient strength. However, too high strength can easily lead to rapid wear and tear of CNC equipment and increase operating costs. Therefore, there is a great contradiction.

If you want to make the parts thinner and lighter, the processing difficulty is also increasing. This series of problems requires the operator to consider the path problem during processing, carefully observe various conditions encountered by the workpiece during the processing process, and prepare to adjust the path at any time according to the actual situation to ensure that the tool is always in a normal state can work normally in preset tracks, and try to avoid path errors, resulting in abnormal situations in processed products.

In addition, the modification and compensation of the toolpath can also greatly reduce the error value caused by part deformation and springback. When the workpiece is clamped or cut, the cutting speed and angle will affect the state of the processed item. From a cutting point of view, this issue needs to be examined according to a scientifically sound approach. At the same time, other methods can also be used to assist the operation. For example, appropriately increasing the front and rear angle of the tool can effectively control the cutting speed and the friction between the tools.

In conclusion

At present, the progress of machining technology is quite rapid, which has also played a great role in promoting the rapid development of the CNC machining industry. Also used in major processing industries such as aerospace, machinery manufacturing, etc. At present, people's requirements for CNC machining of thin-walled parts are constantly increasing, and they are required to have better quality than before in order to meet the needs of the current modern machining industry. For the CNC machining process of thin-walled parts, there are many factors that affect the quality of the machining process, such as part clamping, cutting angle, cutting method and path, machining route, etc. Therefore, as a professional, you must master these factors, and at the same time, you also need to understand the ways to improve the processing technology.